Body Mass Index (BMI) is an individual’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. A high BMI can be a marker of high body heftiness. BMI can be utilized to evaluate for weight classes that may prompt medical issues i-e depression yet it isn’t indicative of the body heftiness or strength of a person.
The body mass index (BMI) is a measurement based on a person’s height and weight. It is calculated by taking the mass in kilograms and the height in metres and dividing by the square of the result. It is expressed in kilograms/metres, based on the mass in kilograms and the height in meters.
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Body Mass Index Formula
The BMI Formula is: BMI = Weight (kg) / Height (m)².
It is possible to calculate BMI using a table or chart that shows BMI for different BMI categories as a function of mass and height as well as other units of measurement (converted to metric units for calculation).
According to their tissue mass (muscle, fat and bone) and height, people are categorized as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese based on their BMI. The major adult body mass indexes are underweight (under 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5 to 24.99 kg/m2), overweight (25 to 29.99 kg/m2) and obese (30 or more kg/m2).
The BMI has certain limitations that make it less useful than some of the other options for predicting an individual’s health rather than as a statistical measurement for groups, especially when applied to people with abdominal obesity, short stature, or unusually high muscle mass.
The risk of all-cause mortality increases as BMI approaches or surpasses the 20–25 range, with BMI under 20 and over 25 being associated with higher mortality. Nevertheless, ideal BMI ranges differ by race. For example, for Europeans, a BMI that is considered normal may be unsafe for Asians.
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Categories
According to the BMI, someone’s weight deviates from a normal or desirable amount for one’s height when compared to their body weight. ThIt is possible that body fat (adipose tissue) contributes to excess weight or deficiency, though other factors, such as muscularity, can also significantly affect BMI (see discussion below).
Adults with BMIs less than 18.5 are considered underweight and may be suffering from malnutrition, an eating disorder, or other health problems, while those with BMIs of 25 or greater are overweight, while those with BMIs more than 30 are considered obese.
Besides the international cut-off points set by the WHO (16, 17, 18.5, 25, 30, 35, and 40), four more cut-off points were set for Asians at risk (23, 27.5, 32.5, and 37.5). However, these cut-off points are only useful for statistical purposes.
| Category | BMI (kg/m2) | BMI Prime |
|---|---|---|
| Underweight (Severe thinness) | < 16.0 | < 0.64 |
| Underweight (Moderate thinness) | 16.0 – 16.9 | 0.64 – 0.67 |
| Underweight (Mild thinness) | 17.0 – 18.4 | 0.68 – 0.73 |
| Normal range | 18.5 – 24.9 | 0.74 – 0.99 |
| Overweight (Pre-obese) | 25.0 – 29.9 | 1.00 – 1.19 |
| Obese (Class I) | 30.0 – 34.9 | 1.20 – 1.39 |
| Obese (Class II) | 35.0 – 39.9 | 1.40 – 1.59 |
| Obese (Class III) | ≥ 40.0 | ≥ 1.60 |
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Children (aged 2 to 20)
Children have different BMI measurements. Similarly to adults, it is calculated using the same methods as for adults, but then it is compared with the values of other children of the same age. The BMI of the children is compared against their percentiles, instead of against fixed thresholds for underweight and overweight.
It is considered underweight to have a BMI less than the fifth percentile, and overweight to have a BMI greater than the 95th percentile. It is generally considered overweight or obese for children with a BMI between 85th and 95th percentile.
According to studies conducted in 2013 in Britain, girls aged 12 to 16 had a higher body mass index (BMI) than boys of the same age by about 1.0 kg/m2.
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International Variations
The recommended linear scale distinctions may vary over time and country to country, leading to problems in global, longitudinal surveys. surveys.
As BMI, percentage of body fat, and health risks vary among different populations, people with BMIs below the WHO cut-off for overweight, 25 kg/m2, have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease; however, the cut-off for observed risk differs among different populations. European, Asian, and African populations and subpopulations differ in their observed risk cut-offs.
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BMI Calculator:
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Body Mass Index Chart
Check your Eligibility with height with weight in Pounds and Healthy Weight, Overweight and Obese.
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BMI Applications
Public health
Generally, the BMI is used to correlate groups of people with similar masses and can be used to estimate adiposity in vague terms. The BMI has the dual property that, while it is easy to use, the information obtained from it is limited in terms of how accurate and relevant it is.
A smaller margin of error makes the index appropriate for detecting trends in sedentary or overweight individuals. In the early 1980s, the WHO began using BMI as the standard measure of obesity.
General correlations are especially useful when working with consensus data regarding obesity or other diseases since they can be used to represent semi-accurate data from which solutions can be stipulated or RDA for a group can be determined.
It is also becoming increasingly relevant to the growth of children, since they are sedentary most of the time. A cross-sectional study showed that more physical activity could reduce BMI in sedentary people. There are smaller effects seen in prospective cohort studies that support the idea of active mobility as a method for preventing further weight gain.
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Clinical practice
With a few exceptions, such as athletes, children, geriatrics, and the elderly, BMI categories are generally accepted as a reliable tool for measuring overweight, obese, and underweight in sedentary individuals. Additionally, a BMI-measured growth chart is used to document a child’s progression.
The child’s BMI is then subtracted from the BMI calculated on the chart to calculate the child’s obesity trend. Using BMI as a measure of underweight is also popular in the United States, because of advocacy for those who are suffering from eating disorders like anorexia and bulimia.
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